Sir Gawain And The Green Knight Short Paper - 1409 Words

Gladys Mae Marcelino EUH 2021 U07 21 September 2015 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Short Paper (Draft) Heroes, whether fictional or not, are usually admired and respected for their righteousness and good actions. In today’s society, when one thinks of a hero, one thinks of someone who has supernatural abilities, defeats powerful villains, or even someone who has the capability to lead and make a positive impact in people’s lives. However, by today’s standards, Sir Gawain in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight would not be considered a hero as he did not save people’s lives or perform a deed for the greater good. During Sir Gawain’s time, a Christian hero is someone who was just a human being, but was faithful to his or her God, and King, and had a sense of chivalry and courteousness. Sir Gawain is depicted as a true Christian hero because he possessed qualities of selflessness, courage and bravery, courteous, chivalry and devotion to his word and honor, and humility. Throughout the book, Sir Gawain†™s heroic actions demonstrate qualities and principles that represent the true meaning of a Christian hero of the Arthurian times. Sir Gawain appears as a real Christian hero from the very beginning of the book when he shows that he is capable of being selfless. When the huge, and muscular Green Knight entered the palace and immediately proposed his challenge, â€Å"most noble knights were afraid to respond† and King Arthur had no choice to take the challenge himself. (Sir Gawain, lineShow MoreRelatedThe Influence of the Supernatural on Courtly Conduct, Christianity, and Chivalry in Lanval and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2424 Words   |  10 Pagesthe Supernatural on Courtly Conduct, Christianity, and Chivalry in Lanval and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In the world of medieval literature the supernatural is a consistent theme, presented in extraordinary encounters, mysterious experiences and with magical objects such as potions, spells, and the prominent image of the green girdle of Lord Bertilak de Hautdesert’s wife in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Magic and the supernatural is seen as the driving force behind several narrativesRead MoreAn Analysis Of Sir Gawain And The Green Knight Essay2387 Words   |  10 Pagespoem, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. The poem opens with allusions to Greek and Roman history and eventually sets the story on Christmas in Camelot with King Arthur and his knights of the round table. Gawain, King Arthur’s nephew and a knight in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, faces trials and temptations that one would typically expect from a knight of the round table. Through careful and juxtaposed analysis of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and articles by reputable authors, this paper willR ead MoreLiterature Reflecting Religious and Political Ideals3433 Words   |  14 PagesChristian knight and holy warrior by the time the story was written down in the 9th Century. His mission is also Christ-like in that he sacrifices his life to defend the people against Grendel and his mother the Dragon or Devil. The Green Knight is a story from the High Middle Ages (1000-1300 AD), which is commonly thought of as an age of chivalry and knights in shining armor. In popular culture, this remains the most popular and persistent image of medieval culture and society. Sir Gawain was theRead More J. R. R. Tolkien Essay1509 Words   |  7 PagesMordor where the shadows lie†¦ (J.R.R. Tolkien, Rings) nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;These are the most famous recognized lines in The Lord of the Rings, J.R.R. Tolkiens’ masterpiece. Strong, tall men, fun party loving hobbits, pointy eared elves, short, plump dwarves and slimy, icky, putrid orcs are just a few of the races in Lord of the Rings. (J.R.R. Tolkien, Rings) nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;This is only a small sample of the information that J.R.R. Tolkien put into his books. Not to mentionRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pagesis also more loosely used to describe coming-of-age films and related works in other genres. Examples[edit] Precursors[edit] Hayy ibn Yaqdhan, by Ibn Tufail (12th century)[18] Parzival, by Wolfram von Eschenbach (early 13th century) Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (late 14th century) Lazarillo de Tormes (1554)[19] 17th century[edit] Simplicius Simplicissimus, by Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen (1668) The Adventures of Telemachus, by Franà §ois Fà ©nelon (1699) 18th century[edit] The HistoryRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 Pagesqualities and skills that will help you succeed in a specific academic discipline Demonstrating your communication skills Persuading readers you have the discipline to complete a dissertation after several years—often grueling years—of reading, writing papers, conducting research, and working as a teaching assistant Writing Your Statement of Purpose I. Audience and Institutions Several readers within a specific academic discipline or an even more specifically defined research group will read your

H.H. Holmes - 3086 Words

Running head: SERIAL KILLER H. H. HOLMES H. H. Holmes Valerie Jones Theories of Criminal Behavior September 23, 2012 Phillip Neely Abstract The United States first known serial killer was named H. H. Holmes. H. H. Holmes would later be said to be an alias created by Herman Webster Mudgett who was a doctor. It was said that Herman as a child had a privileged childhood. As a young child Holmes appeared to be remarkably intellectual. According to Holmes’s personality traits; there were†¦show more content†¦After marrying Myrta, Holmes filed for divorce from Clara; but that divorce would never be finalized. In January 1894 while in Denver, Colorado, Holmes was still married to Clara and Myrta would marry again to Georgiana Yoke. It was during his time in Chicago; Holmes started to grow even more shady and criminal. Holmes took a job in a drugstore, which he later bought and promised to let the current store owner live in after her husband died. When her husband died however, she simply disappeared people began to question where she was. Holmes lied and told people she went to California she liked it so much that she decided to stay there. These people actually would turn out to be his first victims in his long murder spree, and it is unknown how and when he murdered them. Not long after this Holmes would purchase several acres across from the drugstore and would build what would later be known as his Murder Castle (which is where it is believed that he hid the bodies of Dr. E.S. Holton and his wife). Holmes now centered on 63d Street and transferred his activities to the district of Chicago; it was here he would achieve fame. Once in Chicago Holmes would drive out a proprietress. Holmes worked in a drugstore. Across the street from the drugstore he would begin to build an extremely large building 50 ft. wide and hundred and 150 ft. long this was a gigantic and obnoxious building. The place was more than three stories high and had a colossalShow MoreRelatedJack the Ripper and H.H. Holmes1279 Words   |  5 Pagesmurderer, H.H. Holmes, but not just any connection. By looking at The Dev il in the White City, we can see that there are things about murderer H.H. Holmes that are very similar to Jack the Ripper. This could mean that we finally have an answer to the mystery: who was Jack the Ripper? Let us begin with Holmes. Holmes lived in Chicago and owned a pharmacy. He had medical training and loved money and women (Larson 36-37). He was able to smooth talk and gave people a sense of happiness. Holmes could convinceRead MoreAnalysis Of The Confession Of Dr. H.h. Holmes1205 Words   |  5 Pagesthe fact that I was a murderer, no more than the poet can help the inspiration to sing.† This quote was in the confession of Dr. H.H. Holmes when he was caught in 1896. These words are very chilling due to the fact that this man is believed to had killed up to 200 people and not only thinks that he couldn’t help himself but in some ways compares himself to an artist. Holmes’ gruesome murders still inspire ideas in modern day society, such as T.V. shows like American Horror Story. It could be arguedRead MoreH.H. Holmes. After The Industrial Revolution Fabricated1593 Words   |  7 PagesH.H. Holmes After the Industrial Revolution fabricated society for nineteenth century America, many families were moving to the cities for new opportunities. Immigrants found a niche in society and life was beginning to flourish and build the nation into what it’s citizens know it as today. However, while most of the country was settling down, a man by the name of Herman Webster Mudgett, otherwise known as HH Holmes, had a different approximation of why he should move to the city. HH Holmes wasRead MoreErik Larson s The White City, And H.h. Holmes s World s Fair Hotel Essay1760 Words   |  8 Pagesaround the country, especially in terms of the form and function of architecture. Perfect examples of a differing culture can be found in Erik Larson’s Devil in the White City. Through the description of building of Daniel Burnham’s White City, and H.H. Holmes’s World’s Fair Hotel, it can be inferred that both projects had different goals and very clearly repre sented the differences of a new period in American History. Holmes’s Hotel represented an older, darker, and more violent Chicago, while Burnham’sRead MoreIs America s First Serial Killer Essay908 Words   |  4 PagesConsidered America’s first serial killer, H.H. Holmes demised a plan like no other to torture and kill woman in the early 1890’s in Chicago, Illinois (H.H. Holmes, 2004). Masquerading as a charismatic prominent businessman, and caring doctor, H.H. Holmes was a true monster (H.H. Holmes, 2004). Known later as the â€Å"torture doctor† or the â€Å"monster of 63rd street†, he methodically planned, attacked, and controlled his victims till the very end (H.H. Holmes, 2004). Born Herman Webster Mudgett on MayRead MoreDr. H. H. Holmes: Americas First Serial Killer Essay1527 Words   |  7 Pagescan help the inspiration to sing – I was born with the Evil One standing as my sponsor beside the bed where I was ushered in the world, and he has been with me since† (Troy, Taylor). This statement was a quoted confession from Dr. H. H. Holmes himself in 1896. Holmes was the first major serial killer in America, even though he came after many others in his time. Thomas Neil Cream, the Austin Axe Murderer, the Bloody Benders, and Jack the Ripper came before him. His name was originally Herman WebsterRead MoreSerial Killer And Serial Killers Essay1171 Words   |  5 Pageskiller who is well known in American history is H.H Holmes, as well as the infamous Bloody Benders. H.H Holmes is one of Americas first known serial killer during the 1893 Columbian Exposition. He was known as Dr. Henry Howard Holmes. Holmes was born Herman Webster Mudgett on May 16, 1861, in Gilmanton, New Hampshire. He was born into a wealthy family, it is said that H.H Holmes at an early age appeared to be unusually intelligent. As a kid H.H Holmes was bullied and it is said that he was scaredRead MoreAmerica s First Serial Killer1347 Words   |  6 PagesH.H. Holmes, born in 1861 as Herman Webster Mudgett, was an extremely notable con man, fraud and murderer. More popularly known as America’s first serial killer, Holmes had a vast and varying criminal record. For instance, his criminal record ranged from forging checks and life insurance claims, to killing off entire families in his â€Å"murder† hotel. The one most identifiable pattern to his offenses resides in his economic struggle. As seen in a documentary directed by John Borowski, most of the individua lsRead MoreHolmes : Americas First Serial Killer1139 Words   |  5 Pages According Florida Gulf Coast University Serial Killer Database, there has been 2,625 serial killers so far in the United States, the most of any country in the world. However, this trend all started out with H.H. Holmes: America’s first serial killer. H.H. Holmes was born in New Hampshire as Herman Webster Mudgett in 1861. He was extremely bright in school and excelled beyond the other kids in his class. Because of this, he was bullied a lot by his jealous schoolmates. One incident stands out amongRead MoreThe City Of Chicago, A New City Block And Towering Three Stories Above Englewood1472 Words   |  6 Pageswould come to know. It was 1886 when H.H. Holmes, who was formally known as Herman Webster Mudgett came to the city of Chicago. Throughout his lifetime Holmes had several other aliases that he used to elude numerous creditors and former acquaintances he feared would step forward with accusations of fraud, poisoning and murder, so deciding he would change his identity now going by Henry Howard Holmes. But, to the rest of the world he would forever become H.H. Holmes, torcher doctor, monster of 63rd street

Open Polytechnic Nz Operations Management Assignment 1 T3 2012 Free Essays

string(128) " also attend the restaurant but I would assume from the way the article reads this would be in accompaniment of younger people\." | 71232 Operations Management| Assignment 1| | Matt Hinkley 3319696| 12/10/2012| | Contents Question 1: Operations management role2 Question 2: Types of production4 Question 3: Environmental factors5 Question 4: Strategic options [case provided]6 Case question 1 (customers)6 Case question 2 (competitors)6 Case question 3 (strategic decisions)6 Case question 4 (expansion issues)7 Question 5: Measures of quality8 Question 6: Types of quality management9 Works Cited10 Figures Figure 1: Company structure2 Tables Table 1: Quality characteristic measurements8 Part A: Nature of operations management Question 1: Operations management role I would imagine that my role would be to ensure the profitable and reliable running of services. A bus service is a continuous service which runs to a schedule on a predetermined route. Our customers base their movements around our schedule and will expect us to adhere to those times. We will write a custom essay sample on Open Polytechnic Nz Operations Management Assignment 1 T3 2012 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Figure 1 below is an indication of the simplified assumed structure of the company essay writers world reviews. I have not allowed for maintenance workshops and such like and have assumed that these functions are outsourced to suppliers. Figure [ 1 ]: Company structure The interactions between the departments are on a two way information route and feedback is gathered from the customer by the frontline staff. This could also include the drivers or ticket staff. The long term strategies of the company would be managed by the CEO and their senior team which would then be fed down to the operations manager for the day to day management to deliver these goals. Operations would see to the efficient running of the services and provide any early warning signs in their reports to the senior management. An interface with the customer would also be recommended by way of an occasional MBWA (management by walking about) style. This enables a personal interaction with both the staff and the customer. Close relations with suppliers should be kept with the finance side of the relationship being managed by the accounts department. Maintaining this degree of separation enables the ‘good cop bad cop’ kind of relations which can be of great benefit when bills come due. Question 2: Types of production The bus company is a transportation operation, as it transports people. It works as a mass services production process type. This is demonstrated in the fact that it has many customer transactions, involving limited contact time and little customisation (Nigel Slack, 2011). It does not store stock but you could argue that resources are stored in the form of bus spares and fuel should they have their own depot rather than outsourcing these items. The customers are queued in as much as the wait to be picked up on the route but they are not defined in a customer list or database. Question 3: Environmental factors As with any business there are more than one company vying for the limited number of consumers. Running busses you will have very little scope to be better than your competition so you need to be very careful how you do it. There will be a couple main reasons why your customer chooses you which will be price, route, condition of vehicle and convenience. Breaking the four task environments down and assuming that there is a counter to each of the factors, we can reduce the impact as follows: Competitors: You could be cheaper or more regular than the competition, perhaps have newer buses which don’t smoke so badly as the others. Try to offer services on the routes which the competitors would struggle to compete on. Customers: The customer is king (or Queen). The most effective way to encourage New Zealand customers is by price. Kiwis love a bargain (Edmunds, 2012). Be it the one day special or concessions for demographic or regular users. But your price will not matter if the route is in the wrong place so location is a major factor when looking for the target customer. I’d probably hit high density student areas, they have low income and require transport regularly. Suppliers: The suppliers in this case would be our vehicle manufacturers, stationary suppliers and most probably land to operate from. You can enter into long term contracts with the suppliers and bulk order to reduce costs. But as with every business we are our suppliers’ customer so shop around. The only restraint is location. Buses are easy to buy direct from Japan with parts sourced just as easily. Suppliers will cause your variable costs to change and as such will have a greater impact on your margin which needs to be passed on to your customer. Building good solid relationships is imperative. Labour market: â€Å"The central bank expects unemployment of 7. 1 percent in the March 2013 year, falling to 5. 9 percent in 2014 and 4. 9 percent in 2015, according to forecasts in the MPS. That’s more pessimistic than the 6. 4 percent, 5. 3 percent and 4. 9 percent forecasts in September† (BusinessDesk. co. nz, 2012). With unemployment predicted to be falling and the labour market choosing to head to Australia in droves it makes the pickings slim. A business like the bus company will require skilled trades people to service the busses unless it out sources this and clerical people to administer the day to day operations. This is on top of the drivers and management team. Labour is a large cost for the company and retention is a big cost reducer, by keeping training and trained staff within the organisation. I fly to PNG where I work on a mine site, every time I get into a conversation with the bus driver taking me between international and domestic they ask if I can get them a job as a driver on the mine site. Question 4: Strategic options [case provided] Case question 1 (customers) Currently the customer base for HollyRock is teens and school aged youths. They have been referred to in the article as â€Å"Young people†. There may be some parents who also attend the restaurant but I would assume from the way the article reads this would be in accompaniment of younger people. You read "Open Polytechnic Nz Operations Management Assignment 1 T3 2012" in category "Papers" Case question 2 (competitors) From the article we can see that there are two possible current competitors in the area. These are the pizzeria which serves similar food to HolyRock in as much as Pizza and Robb’s restaurant which opens Friday evenings also. Although neither of these are competing for the same demographic as HolyRocks but they do have similarities in goods and services. It is also mentioned in the article that fast food chains had had difficulty in the past gaining approval to operate but, in time these may be able to move into the area. Case question 3 (strategic decisions) To fully answer this question we should look at the details for each component: 1. Structural. a. Location: Large old house in the middle of a retail area 15mins walk from the schools. b. Capacity: Ample parking and facility to seat 75. c. Technology: Low to mid technology level. 2. Infrastructure d. Work-force: 3 staff, cook, counter staff e. Quality Management: Nothing is mentioned regarding the Quality Management but I would assume this would be handled on a customer feedback system. f. Organisation design: A flat structure with an owner manager. Compact enough to manage easily and able to adapt to its target audience easily. . Policies and procedures: There was no mention of policies. Procedures are simple with food orders being taken with the issue of a number, empties and waste is collected on a continuous service system. Events seem to managed by the customer with a board in place for bands to volunteer to play. The initial concept was for the local young people to have somewhere safe to be able to gather and ‘Hang out’. The structure of the bus iness would support the initial concept in that it is simple to manage and adapt to the needs of the client. It has furniture that is moveable to accommodate the groups at the time and the venue offers enough space to cater for the needs of the customer. If the organisation were to grow past the current system then other changes would need to be brought into place which would then mean tighter management would be needed which would most likely mean a change in infrastructure. I would therefore say that the decisions do support each other and that of the overall strategy of HolyRocks. Case question 4 (expansion issues) The proposed enhancements would step completely outside of the current company structure. Although the base idea is similar in so much as it is a supply of food to customers the demographic is vastly separated. Some of the issues to consider are as follows: * Direct completion with Robb’s restaurant. An already well-established lunch and breakfast coffee time shop. * Is the location right for the stay at home mum? We note that it’s close to the high school, but there is no mention of other facilities which would attract the new client base. * Interior decor. Do rock posters and picnic tables attract stay at home mums looking for a coffee, a chat and some finger food? * With younger children coming onto the premises are there implications to the high school kids being turned off the idea of it being a ‘Hang out’? * Suppliers for the different food types will possibly differ, so more contracts need to be administered and accounts. * Extra equipment will be needed for coffee production and the storage and display of finger foods. As these are generally uncooked foods they need to be stored separately from the other food types. Different skills/personalities of staff required. Although there may be more intricate details regarding food, health and hygiene legislation the main points to consider are the local competition and the site suitability for the operation. It may be worth considering the option but at another location and sponsoring the new location with some brand attachment. Part B: Quality management Question 5: Measures of quality Using the table system as shown in the set text, the quality characteristics which we can measure would be the following: Quality characteristic| Variable| Attribute| Functionality| Number of meals served| Was the food acceptable| Appearance| Number of seats and layout| Were they clean in a timely manner| Reliability| Bands playing or meals delivered on time| Were there any complaints| Durability| Is the venue keeping up with the times| Are the trends of the young people being followed| Recovery| Meals rectified or bands removed| Did the customer feel the staff acted accordingly and timely| Contact| The extent that customers feel well treated by staff (1 to 5 scale)| Did the customers feel that the staff were helpful (yes or no)| Table [ 1 ]: Quality characteristic measurements We could easily apply functionality, appearance and contact to this business with contact being our quantitative measure. Functionality would be measured on the number of meals served against the number returned due to poor quality. Appearance would be a general measure by the management as to the tidiness of the venue throughout the shift. Contact could be measured through a quick and easy 2 question tick slip with the customer at the end of their visit. This could be a voluntary measure as people with high opinions are certain to leave feedback if it is made easy for them. Question 6: Types of quality management There are a range of available approaches such as TQM, Six Sigma and ISO 9000. Briefly each of the systems are as follows. Total Quality Management (TQM) is a comprehensive and structured approach to organizational management that seeks to improve the quality of products and services through ongoing refinements in response to continuous feedback. TQM requirements may be defined separately for a particular organization or may be in adherence to established standards. TQM can be applied to any type of organization; it originated in the manufacturing sector and has since been adapted for use in almost every type of organization, TQM is based on uality management from the customer’s point of view (Rouse, Total-Quality-Management, 2005). Six Sigma is a management philosophy developed by Motorola that emphasizes setting extremely high objectives, collecting data, and analyzing results to a fine degree as a way to reduce defects in products and services. The Greek letter sigma is som etimes used to denote variation from a standard. The philosophy behind Six Sigma is that if you measure how many defects are in a process, you can figure out how to systematically eliminate them and get as close to perfection as possible. In order for a company to achieve Six Sigma, it cannot produce more than 3. 4 defects per million opportunities, where an opportunity is defined as a chance for nonconformance (Rouse, Six-Sigma, 2006). ISO 9000 is a series of standards, developed and published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), that define, establish, and maintain an effective quality assurance system for manufacturing and service industries. The ISO 9000 standard is the most widely known and has perhaps had the most impact of the 13,000 standards published by the ISO. It serves many different industries and organizations as a guide to quality products, service, and management (Rouse, ISO-9000, 2005). From the three approaches above only two would lend themselves to our diner environment, these are the TQM and the ISO-9000 approaches. The Six Sigma philosophy is extremely complex to implement and can take years to show any real savings from a financial perspective. It is also not appropriate to our scenario as it better suits mass production or production line businesses. Of the two which are left I would use the TQM approach. It has a far better management system and would suit this small close knit workforce. The customer feedback would be available as to monitor the results and give indicators to the improvement strategy. The ISO-9000 system is a more formal and managerially implemented system which would detract from the empowerment of the employees in this case, although there may well be some standards within the ISO-9000 that could be used in the TQM structure. Works Cited BusinessDesk. co. nz. (2012, December 6). NZ official unemployment rate overstates labour market woes, RBNZ says. Retrieved December 10, 2012, from www. sharechat. co. nz: How to cite Open Polytechnic Nz Operations Management Assignment 1 T3 2012, Papers

Vbscript Network Shares Lab free essay sample

If you leave the cursor on the PC icon for a few seconds, a tool-tip message will appear indicating the hostname of the PC. Open vlab-PC1 and login as Administrator with the password password. Return to the network and open vlab-PC2 and login as Administrator with the password password. Note: All captures must be text only—DO NOT capture the NotePad++ application window or the command prompt window. Use copy and paste of text only. Task 1: NetShareServer. vbs Program on vlab-PC1 * On vlab-PC1, open NotePad++ and from the File menu, select New. Create a Programmer Header that includes the name of your VBScript file, your name, the date, the class, and the name of your professor. Each of these VBScript comment lines begin with a (‘) character. * From the File menu, select Save. Save your program as NetShareServer. vbs in the C:\Scripts folder as shown below. * Define the Scripting. FileSystemObject fso that provides control of local folders and files. The â€Å"WinNT://hostname/LanmanServer,FileService object fileServ allows us to create and manage network shares similar to the NET SHARE commands we discussed last week. Note: When you create the fileServ object, the hostname value vlab-PC1 must match the hostname of the computer acting as the server. If you don’t know your Windows hostname, open a Windows CLI and execute the hostname command. Task 2: Create a Folder and Copy Files to the New Folder * Use the fso. CreateFolder( ) to create the folder C:\Public. The path and name of the folder to be created is place inside the parentheses and delimited with double quotes. * Use the fso. CopyFile method to copy all files in the C:\Windows\Cursors\ folder that start with the letter w to the C:\Public folder. There are no parentheses used for this method. The syntax for this method is Note: The first argument is the file/s to be copied and second argument (after the ,) is the destination folder. * Skip several lines and enter the following statements. The WScript. Echo statement simply outputs a new line and announces the end of the program. * Save your program (S). Press the function key and enter: cscript NetShareServer. vbs. Click OK to execute your program. * Below is the run of the program. It should run without errors although it does not produce any output. Check to see if the program successfully created the C:\Public directory and copied the files from the C:\Windows directory by clicking in the NotePad++ console window and entering the command: dir C:\Public as shown below. You could also open the Windows CLI and execute the same command to test your script. * Go to the command line or Windows Explorer to verify that C:\Public folder has been created and populated with some files. If you have any problems with the RUN, delete the C:\Public folder if it exists in Windows Explorer and re-run the script from the Windows CLI using cscript. Check your VBScript program for errors, make the needed changes, delete the C:\Public folder if it exists, and run the program again. Task 3: Display Current Network Shares and Create New Share * Skip a line after the fso. CopyFile line and enter the following program lines. * WScript. Echo displays a message to the console windows or desktop. The For Each Next loop is used to display all of the current network shares on the local computer. From the Windows CLI, the NET SHARE command would display the same information. Note: The For Each Next loop is a special For loop used to access the elements or components in an array. The fileServ object contains an array name( ) that contains all the current network shares fileServ. name(0) .. fileServ. name(n) where n is the last index in the array. * Within a VBScript program, you need to use the â€Å"LanmanServer,FileService† object to create a new network share. Enter the following lines to share the â€Å"C:\Public† folder with the share name PublicData. Note where the share name and folder path go in the following commands. MaxUserCount sets the maximum simultaneous connections allowed for this share. After we have created the new share, we want see if the new PublicData share has been added. Type the following code to view the current shares again. The WScript. Echo vbCrLf command displays a blank line. * Save your program (S). Press the function key and enter: cscript NetShareServer. vbs. Click OK to execute your program. You should get an error message as shown below because the folder you are trying to create now already exists. * * Add a new line just above the fso. CreateFolder( ) line with this statement: On Error Resume Next. This statement will ignore noncritical errors and allow the program to continue. * * Save your program (S) and press the function key and enter: cscript NetShareServer. vbs. Click OK to execute your program. You should get a run in the console windows similar to the one below. Verify that the new network share â€Å"PublicData† has been created. Note: If you have errors and need to re-run the program at this point in the development, you may see the PublicData share in both the Current and New Shares because the share may still be vali d from your earlier run. Task 4: Add Time Delay, Delete PublicData Share, and Delete C:\Public Just above the End of Program message, add the following code. The WScript. Sleep(60000) will pause the script for 60 seconds (or 60,000 milliseconds). The fileServ. Delete and fso. DeleteFolder methods will delete the Network Share and delete the C:\Public folder and the files it contains. * Save your program (S) and press the function key and enter: cscript NetShareServer. vbs. Click OK to execute your program. You should get a run in the NotePad++ console window similar to the one shown on the next page. Wait until you see the End of Program after the 60-second delay. Copy and paste your NetworkShareServer program sourcecode from NotePad++ and your Run from the NotePad++ Console or the Windows CLI RUN into the spaces provided in your lab-report document. | Task 5: NetShareClient. vbs Program on vlab-PC2 * Leave vlab-PC1 open and return to the Network diagram and select vlab-PC2. If it isn’t labeled, it will be the computer on the right. * Once the vlab-PC2 computer opens, log in as Administrator with a password of password. Cascade the two computer windows, so you can go easier from one computer to the other as shown below. Open NotePad++ on vlab_PC2 and create a Programmer Header that includes the name of your VBScript file, your name, the date, the class, and the name of your professor. Each of these VBScript comment lines begin with a (‘) character. Save your program as NetShareClient. vbs. Task 6: Map the Shared Folder to X: and Display Files * You will need to create Scripting, FileSystemObject called fso to display the files in the mapped drive. The WScript. Network object networkObj actually does the mapping and unmapping of the network share to drive X:. The UNC notation network share we want to access is \\vlab-PC1\PublicData. Keep in mind that the network share PublicData can be anywhere on the network and is not typically a local share. The networkObj. MapNetworkDrive method is used to map the network share on vlab-PC1 to X: drive on vlab-PC2. The Set folder = fso. GetFolder(â€Å"X:\†) creates a folder object for the mapped X: drive. * The line Set files = folder. Files creates files collection object that contains all of the files in the X:\ folder. The For Each loop sequences through the items in the files collection object and displays those files. Type in the code shown on the next page. * Save your program (S) and complete the remaining VBScript code that will display the contents of the mapped drive X:, unmap the mapped drive X: and end the program with the message: End of Program. * Check your NetShareClient. vbs program for errors and save it using S. Task 7: Final Run of NetShareServer and NetShareClient * Return to vlab-PC1 and start the NetShareServer. vbs program running with . As soon as the vlab-PC1 NetShareServer. vbs program is running, quickly return to vlab-PC2 and start the NetShareClient. vbs program with . Remember, you only have 60 seconds after you have started the NetShareServer program to successfully run the NetShareClient program. * If you do not get the output shown above, for the NetShareClient. vbs program. Correct any errors and re-save your program. Run the NetShareServer program again on vlab-PC1 and run the corrected NetShareClient program on vlab-PC2. Copy and paste your NetShareClient program sourcecode from NotePad++ and your NotePad++ console run (or Windows CLI run) into the spaces provided in your lab-report document. Submit your completed lab-report document to the iLab Dropbox for this week. |

5 Top Cheaper WP Engine Alternatives for 2019

WP Engine is a fantastic choice for WordPress hosting, albeit a pricey one. After a recent price hike, their plans now start at $35 per month. Not everyone can afford to drop that kind of cash on a hosting service, meaning theyre often forced to look elsewhere for cheaper WP Engine alternatives.The great news is that WordPress hosting is such a competitive field, a cheap  price  doesnt necessarily equate to a lower quality service. There are plenty of cheaper WP Engine alternatives available that dont scrimp on functionality, or the quality of customer support.In this post,  were going to take a look at five cheaper WP Engine alternatives,  and see how they stack up against one another. If youre just looking for the results, check out this helpful table: SiteGroundHostGatorGoDaddyDreamHostStarter plans / month$30.00$3.95$5.95$9.99$16.95Storage5GB10GBUnlim.10GB30GBTraffic (uv. / month)20,00010,000100,00025,000100,000# of WordPress sites11111Includes domainNoNoNoYesNoExclusive WordPress supportYesYesYesNoYes VISIT VISIT VISIT VISIT VISITThe good (and bad) about WP EngineLets get one thing straight right off the bat  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ WP Engine is a great WordPress host, and we dont mean to imply  otherwise here. However,  their prices  remain far out of reach for a lot of users (and the recent price hike in 2018 only makes that worse). In our most recent WordPress hosting survey, we found that WP Engines customers spend  $184 per month  on average for their services – that number alone is enough to make our wallets whimper! Its also worth noting that a staggering 30% of the surveyed users responded that they would love to move to WP Engine, but are deterred by the high cost.Furthermore, WP Engine has a reputation for restricting the use of some plugins, which  could potentially cause you hassle if your favorite picks  are  on that list.That being said, lets take a quick look at the many things that WP Engine does get right:Round the clock support  from dedicated WordPress expertsSolid security measures  to keep your site safeOptimized servers to decrease loading timesDetailed site performance reports  available to customersDaily site backupsAs it stands, WP Engine is  a solid choice for managed WordPress hosting – and regardless of the high price, their service will be suitable for a lot of WordPress users.When to use  WP EngineUse WP Engine if youre a security-conscious WordPress user who is looking for a robust platform to host professional or business websites. While WP Engine will do just as well for small sites, their service could be  a bit overkill – so your budget might serve you better elsewhere.What are the cheaper WP Engine alternatives?There are plenty of available hosts  that have comparable features to WP Engine, often  with cheaper packages to boot. Lets take a look at  the contenders.1. Kinsta (kinsta.com)Kinsta is a popular managed WordPress host that recently slashed their prices. With their new plans, Kinsta starts at just $30 per month, which now makes it a viable entrant on our list of cheaper WP Engine alternatives.Theres a lot to love about Kinsta, starting with its custom hosting dashboard that makes it easy to take advantage of functionality like automatic updates and easy one-click staging sites.Beyond the dashboard, Kinsta also focuses on performance optimization. Your site will be hosted on the premium tier of the Google Cloud Platform, which is the same infrastructure that Google uses to power its own products. You also get NGINX, server-level caching, PHP 7.2+, and lots of other performance-oriented technologies. You even get free premium DNS from Amazon Route 53 and a free CDN from KeyCDN.Finally, Kinsta got excellent marks in our most recent hosting survey. They:Had the  best overall rating score at 4.8/5 (WP Engine got a 4.4)Had the highest marks for both general support and WordPress-specific support of any host, at 4.9 eachTie d for WP Engine for the highest reliability score at 4.8PricingStarts at $30 per month and ranges up into the hundreds, depending on your needs.FeaturesCustom hosting dashboard thats a joy to use.Set up WordPress staging sites with a single click.Automatic daily backups and one-click restores.Uses the premium tier of the Google Cloud Platform.Free SSL certificate, premium DNS, and CDN.When to use KinstaKinsta is not the  cheapest WP Engine alternative, but it is the best-performing, and it still does come in as more affordable than WP Engines cheapest plan. It offers the best performance and the most user-friendly hosting dashboard of all these WP Engine alternatives. So if performance and ease of use are high on your list (rather than just low prices), Kinsta is your best bet.2. SiteGround (siteground.com)SiteGround offers great all-around WordPress hosting, and the starter plan is at only $3.95 per month. In other words, you get one of the top cheaper WP Engine alternatives for one-fifth of the price. Furthermore, they offer  very good site loading speeds (according to our tests)  and a knowledgeable  support team (said to be unmatched according to SiteGrounds client feedback). Those cheap prices come with a caveat, however;  you need to pay for your hosting plan yearly if you want to get the best possible deal – otherwise, you get prices that are more in line with its competitors.As far as WordPress-specific features go, SiteGround delivers. They offer a great mix of features that both WordPress beginners and professionals will appreciate; some of the best are  listed below.Despite offering much lower prices, SiteGround still kept up with WP Engine in our most recent hosting survey:SiteGround had a better overall score at 4.6/5 (remember, WP Engine scored a 4.4)You arent losing much reliability, as SiteGround still scored a 4.6 for reliability, which isnt far behind WP Engines 4.8You arent sacrificing support either. SiteGrounds overall s upport score  tied WP Engine at 4.7, while their WordPress-specific support wasnt far behind at 4.5Pricing$3.95, $5.95, $11.95 per month.FeaturesFree WordPress migrationsSet up WordPress staging sites with a single clickFree in-house caching tool (SuperCacher)Enables users to install the Git for WordPress tool, which developers will appreciateWhen to use SiteGroundAs far as were concerned, SiteGround is a great all-around pick among cheaper WP Engine alternatives for users that value a mix of solid performance, good support, and advanced WordPress-specific features. If you dont mind paying for your hosting yearly, you wont find better prices. If, on the other hand, you prefer to pay a monthly bill, you might prefer to look elsewhere.3. HostGator (hostgator.com)HostGator is the proud host of over nine million domains and over 400,000 customers – so theyre rather well known in the hosting world. Much of  their  popularity is down to their below average pricing, and their basic WordPress Cloud Hosting Starter  plan  starts at a mere $5.95 per month, which is cheap as far as managed hosting WordPress hosting is concerned.However, in our survey, HostGators scores were decidedly average across the board – which means its ultimately up to you to decide whether their cheap packages are worth your consideration.Pricing$5.95, $7.95, $9.95 per month.FeaturesTheir most basic plan claims to be enough to handle up to 100,000 visitors per month24/7 support via phone, live chat, and emailFree migration servicesStandard and Business plans include a tutorial session for WordPress beginners, taught  by a WordPress expertFree shared SSL certificateFree Content Delivery Network (CDN) serviceWhen to use  HostGatorUse HostGator if youre a beginner WordPress user who could benefit from an  easy to use interface, low pricing, and one-to-one tutorials  to get you up and running.4. GoDaddy (godaddy.com)GoDaddy is best known as a domain registrar, but they also offer all kinds of hosting services. Their WordPress managed hosting plans are the cheapest all-around, and they dont scrimp on features. All of their packages include free daily backups,  a one-click restore function, a migration tool, automatic WordPress updates, and round the clock  support.All of that sounds pretty good, but what about the cost?  GoDaddys cheapest managed WordPress hosting package usually costs $9.99 per month, but they often run promotions with heavily discounted prices (you can get your hosting plan for as low as $5 or even $1). However, bear in mind that come renewal time,  youll revert back to the regular pricing.Like HostGator, GoDaddy didnt perform exceptionally well in our survey, though.Pricing$9.99, $14.99, $19.99, $34.99 per month.FeaturesFree daily backups and a simple restore functionA 99.9% uptime promiseFree migration toolAnnual plans come with a free domainFull-time support for WordPress usersWhen to use  GoDaddyQuite simply, GoDad dy is one of the cheapest WP Engine alternatives available. While they only received an average rating of 3.5 out of five  for their service in our survey, their prices are almost  unbeatable – and they  also  provide decent support to their users.If budget is your primary concern, GoDaddy  might just be the platform for you.5. DreamHost (dreamhost.com)Last but not least, DreamHost is another well-known name offering dedicated WordPress hosting. Theyve been in business since 1996,  and boast a high level of customer satisfaction – in our survey, 94% said they would extend their current  subscription at renewal time.DreamHost offers one of the most competitive services when it comes to uptime and loading speeds, and they also  provide their customers with knowledgeable support. Their managed WordPress plan is called DreamPress, and it comes with all the bells and whistles youve come to expect from a managed hosting service, such as automatic updates and robust security features.Pricing$16.95, $24.95, $71.95 per month.FeaturesA multi-layered caching system to handle traffic spikes and deliver fast speedsWP-CLI  comes pre-installed, which enables you to update plugins and configure multisite installs without a web browserOne-click SSL certificateUnlimited bandwidthRound the clock support from  knowledgeable staffWhen to use  DreamHostIf youre looking for a no-nonsense WordPress hosting provider that takes security and performance seriously, consider DreamHost.Summing it all upWP Engine is one of the major front runners in the world of dedicated WordPress hosting, but their service  comes with a hefty price tag. Fortunately, its still possible for WordPress users to find plenty of cheaper WP Engine alternatives that can compete on service.  Its simply a matter of analyzing the competition, and seeing which host offers the features you need for your website to flourish.Which host  is right for you? Lets recap:Kinsta:  For people who are willing to pay for the best performance and convenience. Its not  that much cheaper than WP Engine, but you can still save a few bucks per month  and host your site at the best overall WordPress host (according to our hosting survey).SiteGround:  For power users and beginners that dont mind paying for their hosting on a yearly basis. They are also one of the few companies openly recommended by WordPress.org.HostGator: For beginner WordPress users looking for an easy interface and a thorough knowledge base.GoDaddy: For those looking for the best possible deal on price.DreamHost: For users who need  a stable host that will enable their sites to scale seamlessly.In case you missed it, heres  our comparison table again:Cheaper WP Engine Alternatives for WordPress hostingKinstaSiteGroundHostGatorGoDaddyDreamHostStarter plans / month$30.00$3.95$5.95$9.99$16.95Storage5GB10GBUnlim.10GB30GBTraffic (uv. / month)20,00010,000100,00025,000100,000# of WordPress sites1111 1Includes domainNoNoNoYesNoExclusive WordPress supportYesYesYesNoYes VISIT VISIT VISIT VISIT VISITWhich of these cheaper WP Engine alternatives do you think is best?Share your picks with us in the comments section below! * This post contains affiliate links, which means that if you click on one of the product links and then purchase the product, well receive a small fee. No worries though, youll still pay the standard amount so theres no cost on your part.

How to Answer the Question Whats Your Desired Job Title

How to Answer the Question Whats Your Desired Job Title It may seem like the most obvious thing in the world: your desired job title on your resume is the job you are applying for†¦ duh, right? Turns out, it’s not quite so simple. It’s true that every time you send your resume in for a job application, you should tailor it to match the position you’re applying for. But that doesn’t necessarily mean you should put, verbatim, the job title of the position you’re applying for. Seem counter intuitive? Here are a few things to keep in mind.1. Help the hiring manager out.Remember that your resume is just one of hundreds or thousands the HR department is filtering through. Listing the job title you want at the top of your resume helps them sort you into the right search and get your materials seen by the right people. Don’t leave the hiring manager guessing as to what job you are after.2. Reference your target job.Be a little ambitious and list the position title for the job you really want at the c ompany. Not CEO or anything, but perhaps a rung or two up from the position you might be applying in with. This shows your ambition and your commitment to growing and moving forward- hopefully at this company.3. Reference your old job.Unless you’re trying to move up or laterally or between fields, you might find it easiest to list your current job title. This only really works if you’re going for the exact same job at a different firm or company. But can be very helpful because your experience ought to match the position title perfectly.4. Don’t play it safe by trying to keep your options open.You might think listing a job title on your resume will limit your options- say the company doesn’t have that position open, only one below it? But the risk is much higher if you keep HR in the dark. And you just might get considered for a higher-up position.5. List multiple titles.If you qualify for more than one open position, you might feel the urge to list both. As long as these positions are similar enough- or at least in the same department, with different level gradations, this is fine. Just note, if this is for a resume, write it like this: â€Å"Software Developer/Web Programmer,† separating the two titles with a slash. (If you are really applying widely, try not to apply for two drastically different positions at the same company to avoid having to say: â€Å"Front Desk Manager/CPA.† That just makes it look like you are taking lazy shortcuts and/or don’t know what you want to be when you grow up.6. Be realistic, but strive for the best.Again, you don’t want to list a position three pay-grades away from anywhere you could possibly hope to be. But do set your sights on something a little better than your current position, especially if your skills and experience aren’t far off from reaching that level and you believe you’d be well up for the challenge.

Week 3 womens health Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 3 womens health - Assignment Example In the ongoing pregnancies in her life, there might occur risks of very preterm delivery, prenatal death, low birth weight, and premature preterm rupture of membranes (Gabbe, 2012). The patient required anticipatory follow-up guidance which I provided. This guideline contained education about pregnancy, birth, and parenting; safe sexual practices, good diet habits, and the importance of early prenatal care. I told her that she should receive and understand all detailed instructions about signs and symptoms of complications such as infection or retained products of conception and also contact information access (Paul et al., 2011). One recommendation, I will consider is to reduce the risk brought about by the previous adverse pregnancy outcome. This is mainly by the discussion of unwanted pregnancies as well as the enhancement of life options. This reduction would help prevent and minimize health problems for the patient and the child (Taylor & James, 2011). In conclusion, both men and women who have acquired the childbearing age should understand the risks involved in childbearing. Pregnancies should, therefore, be planned and intended. Through implementation of the above-mentioned recommendation, the vision of preconception health and outcomes of pregnancy will be

Case Study Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Case Study Report - Essay Example According to the latest figures unemployment is down to 7.4 percent. In 2008, the global financial crisis led UK into the deepest and longest recession ever in their history. But the good news is that the consumer spending is rising because of cheap and easy credit. The GDP of the country which is the main economic growth indicator rose by 0.8 percent in Q3 2013. This shows that the country is slowly recovering (Henry, 2008, p. 217). Social forces The changes in social and cultural factors have a profound effect on the fashion industry. The shopping habits in UK are beginning to evolve because of the rapid ageing population and migration trends which are changing the ethnic makeup of the towns and cities. According to KPMG, over the next ten years, around two-thirds of all the retail spending growth in UK will come from people who are aged 55 or above. The main challenge to the Fashion retailers in UK is to come to terms with the ageing population of UK and change their product portf olio according to their specific demands and tastes. Technical forces The fashion retailers are now developing online business models which complement the traditional form of retailing like the brick and mortar retailing. The fashion retailers are also making their presence across social networking sites where they can interact with their customers. Legal Forces The UK retail business has to comply with a number of regulations like Minimum wage legislation. This requires the UK employers to pay a minimum of ?6.19 on hourly basis to the employees aged above 21. They have to incorporate equal opportunities legislation and other parliament acts so that they can ensure equality both in the recruitment and selection and in the work place. Key trends potential trends Over the past 20 years the fashion retail industry has become one of the world’s most fiercely competitive industries in retail sector. There have been major structural changes in the way a fashion retailer do business . In the early 1990s there were a few big retail fashion players like Next, Littlewoods, and Spencer’s. Now the market is more crowded with players like Arcadia, Primark, Inditex and Forever 21 fighting to own larger market share. The major change has been the rise of internet. Majority of the fashion retailers are now going online to make their business global. The fashion retailers have created new standards for themselves. According to a study in the next five years, 40 percent of all the high street stores are up for renewal. Stores are getting more exciting for the customer to visit. Another important change is that the customers now get more value for their price. Both the cost prices and the selling prices have now fallen and the customers can now get superb quality of material at much lower price as compared to 20 years ago (Sadler, 2003, p. 164). Environmental forces The physical environment in which fashion retail industry operates in UK is relatively benign as comp ared to other areas in the world which suffers from natural disasters like hurricanes, earthquakes and forest fires. But the customers are becoming more aware of the impact business has on their

Global, political economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Global, political economy - Essay Example The many a vehicle of modernisation, international diplomacy and economic dynamism of countries catapult a certain degree of prosperity that is felt worldwide. Scope of Globalisation The phenomenon of globalisation affects society's economics and politics. Its primary processes include the forces that govern improvements in technology, advancements in transportation services, increased employment and income opportunities, and cohesive intercontinental economic cooperation (Jaffe, 2006). Most countries in the world witnessed rapid developments in the area of business in the past few decades. A global village has been created to formally launch an avenue where countries can enter economic agreements. Globalisation has been said to be at the forefront of these modern-day events. On the other hand, several critics consider globalisation as a disease rather than a solution (Kalb, et al., 2004). Most people, including numerous world leaders, deem it an organized procedure that connects com munities around the world to participate in a synchronised development process. In essence, the whole gamut of globalisation revolves around contemporary structures such as Information and Communication Technology, Trade Democratisation, Free Market, and diplomatic agreements that are openly participated in by all countries (Lawal, 2006). Employment-generating Activities Globalisation remains one big precursor for the exponential growth of employment opportunities among developed and developing countries. Due to the expanding consumer markets worldwide, various industries responded to the call of ‘supply and demand.’ Countries with robust workforces tremendously benefit from these activities, while other nations strategise themselves to be at par with their rivals. Such a healthy competition prompts the international community to generate quality products and outputs based on the labour of their citizens. Economic literature upholds that unemployment rates are primarily dependent on the domestic policies of governments (Kollmeyer, 2009). This fact incited political leaders and fiscal analysts to intensively study their economic regulations to perfectly suit the recent trends (Rama, 2003). For countries that formulate intelligent decisions on how to boost employment rates for their people, success is at bay. While countries that make the wrong decisions suffer greatly (World Bank, 2009). Empiric data confirmed that globalisation has a positive impact on countries where human capital is above average. In some African countries, wages are projected to increase for skilled workers, especially in the light of rising demand due to technological advances (World Bank, 2009). Increased Income The relationship between employment and income were noted by several economic authorities (Lecaillon, 1984; International Labour Office, 2000). Recent studies suggest that globalisation is also a massive contributing factor to the increase of income among workers worl dwide (Mishkin, 2008). Even though there is a disparity of income distribution among countries, the fact that wages are solely based on the skills of workers cannot be downplayed in the aspect of a globalised workforce. It was noted that the skilled industries and the advanced production mechanisms of developing countries are likely to have a strong impact on their competitive advantage (Sachs,

Ethics in the Finance and Investment Industry

Ethics in the Finance and Investment Industry Introduction Ethics can be defined as the study of what institutes of right or wrong behavior in terms of ones principle and integrity expected to be by society. It is the branch of philosophy that focuses on morality and the way in which moral principles are derived or the way in which a given set of moral principles applies to ones conduct in daily life. Different people face different ethical questions in their day to day life and as well as in their business life. Ethics usually assumes people are rational and make free choices correctly. We can also give or take that it has got certain rules to follow in our collaborations and our actions that affect others. There can be ethical questions that have influence in our daily life or in business life like fairness, justness, rightness or wrongness. Both ethics in finance and investing are part of business and business ethics focuses on what constitutes right or wrong behavior in the business world and on how moral and ethical principles are applied by business persons to situations that arise in their daily activities in the workplace and their handling of client asset. Ethics that are faced in personal life is much more different and complex in business life. Social Influences on Ethics When evaluating professional decisions and behavior in the finance and investment industry, high standards of ethics and blatant violations of ethical conventions are difficult to explain solely in terms of individual traits and personality. Situational factors may lead to considerable differences in the ethical standards of behavior of a single individual in different social situations-a fact that has been revealed time and again by media reports. Thus, a true understanding of the psychology of ethics in the world of finance and investment requires awareness of how people interact and influence each other ethically. 1 1. See: Thomas Oberlechner Webster University Vienna The Psychology of Ethics in the Finance and Investment Industry Research Foundation of CFA Institute from http://www.cfapubs.org/doi/pdf/10.2470/rf.v2007.n2.4697 Ethics in Finance When anyone thinks about financial market they think about money, that also trillions of dollar. With that amount of money in greed, which can be defines as excessive desire to posses wealth, mixed with competition can be powerful combination to introduce unethical behavior. This is not solely concerned with the individuals but also with financial markets and financial institutions. Financial ethics is more to do with maintaining trust between the financial industry and client. If we analyze how financial system works, it is easy to see that it is easy for financial fraud and deceit. As almost all the people in United States have a 401K which is invested in financial market through different financial companies. All the people investing their money come from different walk of life and have limited knowledge in financial market. The only way public can believe in an investing firm to invest in their lifetime saving is by trust. This trust is built over the years by these firms by foll owing correct ethical procedure (by the firm and its staffs). Ethics in the Investment Profession Ethical practices by the investment professional benefit all market participants and stakeholders and lead to increased investor confidence in global capital markets. Ethical practices instill a public trust in the fairness of markets, allowing them to function efficiently. In short, we can say that good ethics is a fundamental requirement to the investment profession. The Code of Ethics for Finance and Investment Act with integrity, competence, diligence, respect and in an ethical manner with the public, clients, prospective clients, employers, employees, colleagues in the investment profession, and other participants in the global capital markets. Place the integrity of the investment profession and the interests of clients above their own personal interests. Use reasonable care and exercise independent professional judgment when conducting investment analysis, making investment recommendations, taking investment actions, and engaging in other professional activities. Practice and encourage others to practice in a professional and ethical manner that will reflect credit on themselves and the profession. Promote the integrity of, and uphold the rules governing, capital markets. Maintain and improve their professional competence and strive to maintain and improve the competence of other investment professionals.   See: Ethical and Professional Standards and Quantitative Methods. Level I 2008. Pearson Custom Publishing The Psychology of Ethics in the Finance and Investment Industry Financial and investment professionals are mainly susceptible to ethical misconduct. But what makes some obviously violate ethical standards and even violate the law while others behave highly ethically? Besides in all the courses taught in the entire business program we are taught that the objective of rationale individual is to maximize wealth. The psychology of ethics tries to find out why and when does a person behave (un) ethical way, their motivation, influence and social dynamic behind a certain active. It also tries to analyze individual cognitive and emotional dynamics. This analysis will help figure out the most effective may an ethical code can be written and implemented. Approaches to Ethics When people talk and write about ethics in the finance and investment industry, they approach the topic in variety of ways and address different realms of ethics. Usually, their dealing with ethics takes one of three main directions: (1) what investment professionals should do, (2) what they actually do, or (3) how finance and investment professionals can be helped to get from what they actually do to what they should do. Normative Ethics What should finance and investment professionals do? As the name implies, normative ethics aims at establishing norms and guidelines for professionals regarding how they should behave. This approach to ethics is inherent in, for example, the ethical theories of moral philosophy, theology, and definitions of professional norms, standards, and acceptable behavior for a professional field. Thus, a normative approach to ethics in finance and investments defines what is ethical in this profession. It tells practitioners how investment professionals should act to be ethical, which behavior should be considered ethical, and which behavior should not. Descriptive Ethics What do investment professionals actually do? Descriptive ethics aims at describing not how people should behave but how they actually do behave. And descriptive ethics attempts to explain and predict the unethical behavior of people in real-life situations (OFallon and Butterfield 2005). Psychological research conducted in controlled laboratory studies and real world settings of professional decision makers offers a systematic and comprehensive basis for descriptive ethics in finance and investing. Only this psychological and descriptive approach allows us to understand when and why people and organizations in the investment industry engage in ethical behavior and when and why they do not. Prescriptive Ethics How can finance and investment professionals be helped to get from what they actually do to what they should do? Based on descriptive insights about the factors influencing actual ethical decision making, the Prescriptive approach to ethics aims at helping people and organizations toward ethical decision making by giving advice about how to create environments that foster ethical decisions and how to improve the ethical component of decisions. The two main questions addressed by prescriptive ethics are the following: How can we create organizations that foster ethical behavior? How can we train professionals to readily perceive the ethical dimensions of their own behavior and to act ethically? Thus, prescriptive ethics suggests tools that assist people in making the prescribed decisions. 4 4 See: Thomas Oberlechner Webster University Vienna The Psychology of Ethics in the Finance and Investment Industry Research Foundation of CFA Institute from http://www.cfapubs.org/doi/pdf/10.2470/rf.v2007.n2.4697 Ethics and Investment in Global Perspective As the financial market now is more open globally, investment flows from one country to another more efficiently. With this comes an ethical risk for a financial firm. E.g. A financial firm in US investing in Singapore, but the ethical standard in both this countries financial market are different. Now which ethics standard should the firm or its employee follow? Can a firms employee ignore financial ethics code in US when he travels to Singapore? In this situation a firm should always follow the ethics code which is stricter. If US ethics code is stricter than the one in Singapore, it should still follow the US code of ethics. For individuals, the ethics code will apply globally i.e. if a person travels to jurisdiction outside of United States he is still bound by code of ethics and SEC laws. He is still not supposed to disclose all the protected financial information to any individual or firm. When analyzing investment opportunities in emerging market a financial firm much always check the ethical code of the country he is investing in. Even if the probability of profit is high but there has been high number of cases of ethical violation then the investment might not be a good idea. A good example of this is the amount of investment that went in China during Chinas IPO boom, a lot of companies from that boom is no where to be seen and the financial report present were falsified. Ethical Issues in Finance Industry Ethical issues in the financial services industry affect everyone, because even if you dont work in the field, youre a consumer of the services.  The public seems to have the perception that the financial services sector is more unethical than other areas of business. In the real business scenario there are many positions where we act without considering the ethical implication. Sometime what we think is ethical (because of the way we are brought up in society) might not be an ethical one in the world of finance or business. For example, one can have close friend with whom he share everything in life. Like normal individuals they talk about their work along with other stuff. But for the person who works in financial market there are certain discloser standard he has to follow. Let us say their discussion is related to financial market. So is it ethical for this person who is working with a financial firm to tell his friend all about the things he has information on, that is covered under discloser standard, or is it ethical for him to tell his best friend that he cant talk about this information and then risk his friend feeling that he does not trust him?. Because lets face it if I know something and I dont tell you that means you dont trust me, t hat is the idea implanted in our brain from our childhood. This is an example of social ethics dilemma that intertwines with financial (professional) ethics. Therefore the boundary between ethical and unethical is quite skinny. So, how can do companies ensure that the company and staff follow ethical behavior? Most large firms have implemented their own code of ethics-a set of general professional guidelines to inspire employees to behave ethically and responsibly as an individual or as a group representing the company.  But as in our examples these codes are stringent dos and donts that will cause more harm than good as the employee might be hesitant to even do the right ethical thing. As there is a thin line between ethical and unethical behavior this might give the employees a false notion that anything if it is not specifically prohibited would be acceptable. In addition to the company specific codes of ethics, companies and professionals are also bound by ethical codes of conducts of numerous professional organizations and institutions. Companies should train employees to these organizational code of ethics would be more effective as employee would think that its a global financial society standard. As global financial market is more combined with millions of transactions daily, the chances of business and professions using to more unethical conduct in todays age compared to previous decades. However, in this internet age, business condition and the resulting troubles are more complex. For example, companies and CEOs (for a public company) have to put their shareholders interest first before any other. The shareholder interest is to get maximum profit; CEOs are paid million of dollar in benefit and salary to achieve the goal of maximum profitability. They are under tremendous pressure to keep the company profitable every quarter and also outperform its competition. This might lead to a situation where the companies higher level staff might think they have found a loophole in the system and perform unethical adjustments of financial numbers. Recent example we can find is the collapse of ENRON because of fraud and FANNIE MAE accounting irregularities in start of this decade. It can also be pointed out that that ethical behavior is governed more by the individual rather than the environment. If we can establish a norm on the financial industry that its not only immoral to do unethical activity but its also immoral to not to notify of other peoples unethical activity, then there will be more violations reported. There have few instances where whistleblowers have reproted unethical behavior or violations of the companys code of ethics and brought big corporations down to their knees. But these kind of whistle blowing is rare. Research shows that this rarity is because whistleblowers are scared of getting fired from their jobs, especially if the violators are of higher post. In ones mind question arises is it ethical to whistleblower a violation and risk getting fired or is it ethical to keep quite and not risk putting food on family table? Companies should try to resolve this kind of dilemma , by implementing anonymous whistleblower program and by rewarding a them anonymously. A company code of ethics is useful only when the companys actions are consistent with it. Only then can it be followed consistently within the company. Conclusion Our society is interworking of people built in the pillar of trust. This trust is based on molarity and ethical behavior. For financial market not only Ethics is the pillar, it is also a ladder for success. Lose that trust and the firm or individual is going downhill. So financial firms should not only keep code of ethics in paper but also promote self-regulation. For financial market Ethical integrity is paramount and clients always come first.

The Hobbit :: Book Report Hobbit Essays

The Hobbit Book Report CHARACTER INTRODUCTION †¢ BILBO BAGGINS: The Hobbit who led the Dwarves to the Lonely Mountain to reclaim their treasure from the dragon Smaug. He found the One Ring in Gollum's cave †¢ GANDALF: The Wizard that accompanies Bilbo and the dwarves on their quest. He is well versed in magic spells and often calls upon them to save his comrades. †¢ THORIN OAKENSHIELD: Son of the King of Dwarves who were driven from the Lonely Mountain by Smaug. With the aid of Gandalf and Bilbo he seeks regain his treasure and the throne. When Smaug died he truly became King under the Mountain, though he was killed in combat in the battle of five Armies. †¢ SMAUG: The dragon of the Lonely Mountain who hordes the treasure he stole from the dwarves of Dale. †¢ GOLLUM: He is perfect example of the evil powers of the One Ring. He was born a Hobbit but had the ring too long. It made him into a slimy little creature that only lives to possess the ring. †¢ BARD: The archer who killed Smaug. He shot the dragon in the one spot it had no protection. The town’s people later considered him a hero. What the people didn't know it was Bilbo who discovered the weak spot in the dragon's iron scales. †¢ BEORN: An enemy of Orcs, he becomes friends with Bilbo and Gandalf. He has the ability to change forms from human to bear. It is he who determines the outcome of the battle of five Armies. STORY SUMMARY The book begins with Bilbo Baggins enjoying a pipe after breakfast. This is one of his favorite pleasures and he feels quite content in doing so. He is middle-aged, and resides in a clean warm burrow in the ground. One morning Gandalf, a wizard stops by to chat with Bilbo. He informs Bilbo that he is looking for someone to go on an adventure with him. Although Bilbo is tempted he declines, but not before inviting Gandalf for tea the next morning. The next day Bilbo hears his doorbell and he recalls inviting Gandalf for tea, but instead of the wizard at the door, there is a group of dwarves... thirteen in all. Thorin son of the dwarf king starts to outline a plan on how to regain the treasure stolen by the dragon Smaug.

Earth Day and Human Evolution: The Humbling of Humans Essay

The celebration of Earth Day marks a stage in the development of human global awareness and thus an important step, however small or tentative, in sustained human evolution. Earth Day is all about us, as a specie, trying to reconnect with the environment that has allowed us to evolve and continues to provides us with the spatial and material context within which we continuously learn and thus evolve further. Humans are but an animal Specie, albeit a privileged one for its sentience, in the so-called Spaceship Earth. Humans were â€Å"born† in the womb of this living spaceship with its potentially finite and changing resource base. Earth has provided the unique combination of elements and conditions for a sentient carbon-based life form to evolve from being a possibly simple bacteria-like existence, to become the dominant, earth ravaging specie proudly known to itself as Homo Sapiens. Part and product of the process of evolution is the creation of awareness and consciousness. Humans, as far as we know, are the only fully self-aware and conscious of all animals with his/her ability to conceptualize, think in abstractions, and even laugh at himself and his ways. This ability to think in abstract terms has led to the notion of celebrations and Earth Day is one such human creation. The designation and celebration an Earth Day marks the maturation of the human specie, in a manner of putting, as it suggests a global awareness of the specie’s need to survive given its exploding population and resource requirements. For the specie to evolve further, it must first address the more basic issue of survival. Survival in the world today means addressing global or earth-level concerns and the celebration of Earth Day is just one simple and humble way by which humans have been humbled by the Environment.

Robert Preston Taylor essays

Robert Preston Taylor essays Robert Preston Taylor played an important role in the Korean War. He was one of few survivors, and also a hero. Taylor had such great faith in God that he was able to survive the torture he endured. He held onto his faith and taught those around him how to trust God. The Korean War was a conflict between communists and non-communists. By the end of World War II, Korea was divided into North and South Korea. The Korean War had been in the making for several years. There did not seem to be any way that North Korea and South Korea could even unite with one government. In May 1941, the troop ship USAT Washington sailed into Manila Bay, Philippines. Preston Taylor, a chaplain lieutenant in the Army Air Corps, was aboard that ship. Taylor started having church services for the troops. He quickly became their friend. At 4:30 one morning after services, Taylor was told that Pearl Harbor has been bombed and General MacArthur had ordered all Philippines Army Units into active duty. Taylor's unit was sent to Bataan. They fought a bloody battle but could not hold off the Japanese and had to surrender. The Americans were treated badly, beaten, killed and held without food and water. Then began the Death March. Taylor endured three and one-half years of being a Prisoner of war. He survived the Bataan Death March, the Cabanatuan prison camp and the ships that transported him to Japan. Chaplain Taylor worked extensively in the camp hospitals attempting to comfort the sick and dying (Arlington News). Through all his torture, hunger, and pain, his faith in God kept him going. He was one in only 497 survivors of the original 1619 prisoners to reach Japan. Taylor was surrounded by activity, plagued by the sight of his fellow man's degradation and assaulted In all his senses by an agonized refinement of savagery such as he had never believed possible (Keith back flap). On June 25, 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea. The United Nations ...

The Impact of Globalisation essays

The Impact of Globalisation essays What has been the impact of international organisations and trading blocs on the world economy? The world economy the combination of all economies that produce GDP together to get the Gross World Product and a large insight on to how the world is moving economically. Such a vast and enormous economy is impacted largely by lots of factors, particularly international organisations and trading blocs. Firstly, the international organisations are those which regulate, stabilize and monitor the world economy. The World Trade Organisation (WTO), formerly known as GATT is the largest of these international organisations to influence and impact the world economy. The WTO is an organisation which trials and handles disputes through different international economies and attempts to resolve so that there can be a better fair play. Although most countries abide by the rulings often many countries do not. For example, in recent years Australia has taken the USA to the tribunal in the subject of the USA subsidising its wheat farmers. Australia one the case yet US farmers are still being subsidised today. Moreover, these international organisations need to ensure fairness throughout all countries, particularly Newly Industrialised Economies (NIEs). Because many countries are still developing, many have trouble matching or even competing with Advanced Industrialised Economies (AIEs) efficiency. Although this may not seem to be the case in countries such as China which produce more than most countries, there efficiency is well below and AIE standards. The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have a large role in making sure stability is played out throughout the global economy. Developing countries need to be given a chance to be able to compete, so a monetary advantage is usually given to them. With the increase of the global economies importance, so too comes the increase in the significance of trading bloc ag ...

Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Research Methods - Essay Example To increase the effectiveness of research, it may be helpful to implement multiple research methods that are divided on qualitative and quantitative. However, each research method has its own positive and negative sides, some of which will be mentioned in the current paper. A bright example of pragmatic approach will be analyzed to show the role and effectiveness of specific research methods. Introduction Each science is based on the facts that can be received with the help of relevant and complete streams of information. All spheres of human life, including economical, political, technological, educational and social aspects, never stop progressing. However, to receive valid results and make germane conclusions, researchers require using specific research methods that can be characterized with a great abundance (McNeill & Chapman 2005). It is fair to state that each research approach has its pros and cons that is why for every research problem, the choice of the best methods should be made with special seriousness otherwise incorrect and irrelevant research techniques may bring the study to invalid and erroneous findings (Freeman, Robinson & Woodley 2004). Research philosophy In its widest meaning, the word â€Å"method† can be interpreted as a way to something and represents more an artificial than existed in nature the system of rules and operations (Kothari 2006). Basically, research methods are implemented to gather the full data base with the help of which a researcher is able to make appropriate conclusions and elaborate further recommendations on how to benefit from favorable consequences or eliminate the negative influence. According to Walliman (2011, p. 7), research methods are all â€Å"about advancing the frontiers of knowledge†. The usage of various research methods for one study increases the accuracy of the findings and helps to view the problem from the different aspects. Research approach The bright example of research combinatio n is the study of Luthans and Sommer, who based their results on both qualitative and quantitative methods. The article emphasizes how seriously the market conditions have been changed compared to previous periods of production relationships. Hence, the favorable results of each company’s performance are influenced by management’s policy aimed at the improvement of product characteristics, raise of product quality, decrease of total costs, increase of productivity and superiority over competitors (Luthans & Sommer 2005). It is important to persuade the target consumers that offered brand is better than the rest of analogues and it is considered that such scheme can be achieved only with the help of strong knowledge base of the company’s personnel, effective training programs, professional skills of senior managers and attractive motivational factors. The study provides extensive demonstration on how relevant management of human resources correlates with companyà ¢â‚¬â„¢s financial results. The main purpose of the mentioned research is to represent proofs regarding the significant impact of the efficacious system of human resource management on the favorable performance of an organization. The further objective of the study is

Management accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Management accounting - Essay Example The economy is subject to market forces and that means that factors affecting the nation such as inflation can cause the changes. An economy may turn out to be favorable or unfavorable. That means that there may be a lot of money in circulation and that will make the customers to purchase more of the product. The other aspect of the economy that will cause a variance is the standard of living. If the standard of living among people improves, that will imply that the customers will be able to purchase more of the product and that will make the actual results to be better than the budgeted. In our case, the actual profit was less than the budgeted that implies that the economy could have worked against the sales. The economy can also cause an increase in the cost of raw materials. In our case, the raw materials turned out to be more expensive than the budgeted expenses. That indicates that the economy worked against the budget of the company. In the future, the company should consider inflation and its impact when formulating the budget. The trends in the economy should also be observed to ensure that all matters affecting the economy are considered. 2. Advertising- Advertising involves making known the products of a company to its target and potential clients. That means that the aim of carrying out an advertisement is to increase the sales volume of a product. Advertising will increase the sales volume if it turns out to be as productive as expected. A company should invest in advertising to ensure that it reaps the benefits that are associated with advertising. In our case, the profits of the company turned out to be less than the budgeted profit. That means that the advertising efforts were not as productive as expected. That can also imply that the company did not carry out adverting. This is because the sales volume was less than the budgeted sales volume. In the future, the company should formulate a strong advertising campaign. The advertising will

Modification of the Organoleptic Properties of Plant Based Foods Research Paper

Modification of the Organoleptic Properties of Plant Based Foods - Research Paper Example This section basically explains the relationship and connection between food and the human senses. Food Taste and Color This section shows how people associate the taste of food with the food’s color. It also highlights and describes how people paint a bright picture of food in their minds based on the smell. The section explains how restaurants use the color knowledge to attract and retain customers. Taste of Organic Foods This section gives reasons why there is a greater consumption of organic foods more than conventional ones. It also gives reasons for the different tastes between organic foods and conventional foods. The section explains why people prefer organic foods compared to conventional foods. Texture and Foods This section explains the relationship between different foods and texture. It also shows how the texture of food determines or influences foods that are consumed and those that are not, and how texture determines the quality of plant based foods. Food Modifi cation This section describes the processes human beings have used to modify the taste and smell of plant based foods. It also explains the reasons why food is modified. Flavor and Color Additives This section illustrates the technology used to affect the flavor and color of different foods, and briefly illustrates how the process is done. The section also explains the role of flavor and color additives to various foods. Smell Flavorants This section is about smell flavorants. It explains the source of smell flavorants and how they are used to affect the flavor of plant based foods. It briefly describes different types of flavorants and explains their effect on consumers of food. Artificial Flavors This part of the paper describes how artificial flavors are made. In addition, it talks about the use of natural flavors, and why they are considered safer than natural ones. Conclusion The conclusion is a comparison between conventional foods and foods that are grown by organic means. It also requests people to be vigilant on technology that is used on foods. This section also gives a brief summary and overview of what was discussed in the paper. Modification of the Organoleptic Properties of Plant Based Foods Introduction Senses help people to perceive objects. Humans contain a number of senses that are traditionally recognized. They include taste, sight, hearing, touch, and smell. Humans have a weak sense of smell compared to animals while animals may not have some of the traditional senses. The sense of sight enables human beings to see and recognize objects based on prior knowledge. Blind people are not able to see other people or objects. The sense of hearing enables an individual to perceive sound. Hearing is aided by vibration. The sense of taste enables a person to perceive the taste of things like food. The sense of taste is made up of saltiness, sweetness, bitterness, and sourness. People acquire tastes through taste buds. The sense of smell is achieved t hrough the nose and the olfactory receptor neurons. The sense of touch is experienced when there is pressure on the skin. Flavor is a blend of smell and taste perception (MacFie and Meiselman 41). This paper will look at how laboratories and science are changing the way human senses have been impacted by plant based foods through scientific innovation and modification.   Human Senses and Food The sense of taste has some bearing on a person’s food choice and preference. When a person describes the taste of food,

The History of Automobile Essay Example for Free

The History of Automobile Essay 1. The history of automobile The first working steam-powered vehicle was probably designed by Ferdinand Verbiest, a Flemish member of a Jesuit mission in China around 1672. It was a 65 cm-long scale-model toy for the Chinese Emperor, that was unable to carry a driver or a passenger. It is not known if Verbiests model was ever built. Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot is widely credited with building the first self-propelled mechanical vehicle or automobile in about 1769; he created a steam-powered tricycle. He also constructed two steam tractors for the French Army, one of which is preserved in the French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts. His inventions were however handicapped by problems with water supply and maintaining steam pressure. In 1801, Richard Trevithick built and demonstrated his Puffing Devil road locomotive, believed by many to be the first demonstration of a steam-powered road vehicle. It was unable to maintain sufficient steam pressure for long periods, and was of little practical use. In 1807 Nice phore Nie and his brother Claude probably created the worlds pce first internal combustion engine which they called a Pyre olophore, but they chose to install it in a boat on the river Saone in France. Coincidentally, in 1807 the Swiss inventor Franc Isaac de Rivaz designed his own de Rivaz internal combustion ois engine and used it to develop the worlds first vehicle, to be powered by such an engine. The Nie pces Pyre olophore was fuelled by a mixture of Lycopodium powder (dried Lycopodium moss), finely crushed coal dust and resin that were mixed with oil, whereas de Rivaz used a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen. Neither design was very successful, as was the case with others, such as Samuel Brown, Samuel Morey, and Etienne Lenoir with his hippomobile, who each produced vehicles (usually adapted carriages or carts) powered by clumsy internal combustion engines. In November 1881, French inventor Gustave Trouve demonstrated a working three-wheeled automobile powered by electricity at the International Exposition of Electricity, Paris. Although several other German engineers (including Gottlieb Daimler, Wilhelm Maybach, and Siegfried Marcus) were working on the problem at about the same time, Karl Benz generally is acknowledged as the inventor of the modern automobile. An automobile powered by his own four-stroke cycle gasoline engine was built in Mannheim, Germany by Karl Benz in 1885, and granted a patent in January of the following year under the auspices of his major company, Benz Cie. , which was founded in 1883. It was an integral design, without the adaptation of other existing components, and included several new technological elements to create a new concept. He began to sell his production vehicles in 1888. In 1879, Benz was granted a patent for his first engine, which had been designed in 1878. Many of his other inventions made the use of the internal combustion engine feasible for powering a vehicle. His first Motorwagen was built in 1885, and he was awarded the patent for its invention as of his application on January 29, 1886. Benz began promotion of the vehicle on July 3, 1886, and about 25 Benz vehicles were sold between 1888 and 1893, when his first four-wheeler was introduced along with a model intended for affordability. They also were powered with four-stroke engines of his own design. Emile Roger of France, already producing Benz engines under license, now added the Benz automobile to his line of products. Because France was more open to the early automobiles, initially more were built and sold in France through Roger than Benz sold in Germany. Bertha Benz, the first long distance automobile driver in the world In August 1888 Bertha Benz, the wife of Karl Benz, undertook the first road trip by car, to prove the road-worthiness of her husbands invention. In 1896, Benz designed and patented the first internal-combustion flat engine, called boxermotor. During the last years of the nineteenth century, Benz was the largest automobile company in the world with 572 units produced in 1899 and, because of its size, Benz Cie. , became a joint-stock company. Daimler and Maybach founded Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (DMG) in Cannstatt in 1890, and sold their first automobile in 1892 under the brand name, Daimler. It was a horse-drawn stagecoach built by another manufacturer, that they retrofitted with an engine of their design. By 1895 about 30 vehicles had been built by Daimler and Maybach, either at the Daimler works or in the Hotel Hermann, where they set up shop after disputes with their backers. Benz, Maybach and the Daimler team seem to have been unaware of each others early work. They never worked together; by the time of the merger of the two companies, Daimler and Maybach were no longer part of DMG. Daimler died in 1900 and later that year, Maybach designed an engine named Daimler-Mercedes, that was placed in a specially ordered model built to specifications set by Emil Jellinek. This was a production of a small number of vehicles for Jellinek to race and market in his country. Two years later, in 1902, a new model DMG automobile was produced and the model was named Mercedes after the Maybach engine which generated 35 hp. Maybach quit DMG shortly thereafter and opened a business of his own. Rights to the Daimler brand name were sold to other manufacturers. Karl Benz proposed co-operation between DMG and Benz Cie. when economic conditions began to deteriorate in Germany following the First World War, but the directors of DMG refused to consider it initially. Negotiations between the two companies resumed several years later when these conditions worsened and, in 1924 they signed an Agreement of Mutual Interest, valid until the year 2000. Both enterprises standardized design, production, purchasing, and sales and they advertised or marketed their automobile models jointly, although keeping their respective brands. On June 28, 1926, Benz Cie. and DMG finally merged as the Daimler-Benz company, baptizing all of its automobiles Mercedes Benz, as a brand honoring the most important model of the DMG automobiles, the Maybach design later referred to as the 1902 Mercedes-35 hp, along with the Benz name. Karl Benz remained a member of the board of directors of Daimler-Benz until his death in 1929, and at times, his two sons participated in the management of the company as well. In 1890, Emile Levassor and Armand Peugeot of France began producing vehicles with Daimler engines, and so laid the foundation of the automobile industry in France. The first design for an American automobile with a gasoline internal combustion engine was made in 1877 by George Selden of Rochester, New York. Selden applied for a patent for an automobile in 1879, but the patent application expired because the vehicle was never built. After a delay of sixteen years and a series of attachments to his application, on November 5, 1895, Selden was granted a United States patent (U. S. Patent 549,160) for a two-stroke automobile engine, which hindered, more than encouraged, development of automobiles in the United States. His patent was challenged by Henry Ford and others, and overturned in 1911. In 1893, the first running, gasoline-powered American car was built and road-tested by the Duryea brothers of Springfield, Massachusetts. The first public run of the Duryea Motor Wagon took place on September 21, 1893, on Taylor Street in Metro Center Springfield. To construct the Duryea Motor Wagon, the brothers had purchased a used horse-drawn buggy for $70 and then installed a 4 HP, single cylinder gasoline engine. The car had a friction transmission, spray carburetor, and low tension ignition. It was road-tested again on November 10, when the The Springfield Republican newspaper made the announcement. This particular car was put into storage in 1894 and stayed there until 1920 when it was rescued by Inglis M. Uppercu and presented to the United States National Museum. 2. Direction of automobile industry 2. 1Fuel technology As we all know, the earths resources are limited, so human beings develop fuel technology, let us make better use of these resources. There are many resources we can use, like Air engine, Battery-electric, Solar, Bioalcohol, Hydrogen and Hybrid vehicle. A hybrid vehicle uses multiple propulsion systems to provide motive power. The most common type of hybrid vehicle is the gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles, which use gasoline (petrol) and electric batteries for the energy used to power internal-combustion engines (ICEs) and electric motors. These motors are usually relatively small and would be considered underpowered by themselves, but they can provide a normal driving experience when used in combination during acceleration and other maneuvers that require greater power. The Toyota Prius first went on sale in Japan in 1997 and it is sold worldwide since 2000. By 2010 the Prius is sold in more than 70 countries and regions, with Japan and the United States as its largest markets. In May 2008, global cumulative Prius sales reached the 1 million units, and by September 2010, the Prius reached worldwide cumulative sales of 2 million units. The United States is the largest hybrid market in the world, with more than 2 million hybrid automobiles and SUVs sold through May 2011. The Prius is the top selling hybrid car in the U. S. with 1 million units sold by April 2011. The Honda Insight is a two-seater hatchback hybrid automobile manufactured by Honda. It was the first mass-produced hybrid automobile sold in the United States, introduced in 1999, and produced until 2006. Honda introduced the second-generation Insight in Japan in February 2009, and the new Insight went on sale in the U. S. on April 22, 2009. Honda also offers the Honda Civic Hybrid since 2002. Among others, the following are popular gasoline-electric hybrid models available in the market by 2009: Ford Escape Hybrid, Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra Hybrid, Lexus RX 400h, Toyota Highlander Hybrid, Mercury Mariner Hybrid, Toyota Camry Hybrid, Saturn Vue Green Line, Lexus LS600hL, Mazda Tribute Hybrid, Nissan Altima Hybrid, Ford Fusion/Mercury Milan Hybrid, and Mercedes S400 BlueHybrid. Several major carmakers are currently developing plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). Chinese battery manufacturer and automaker BYD Auto released the F3DM PHEV-68 (PHEV109km) hatchback to the Chinese fleet market on December 15, 2008. The 2011 Chevrolet Volt is the first mass produced PHEV launched in the United States, and it was introduced in November 2010. Other PHEVs undergoing field testing as of December 2010 include the Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid, Ford Escape Plug-in Hybrid, Volvo V70 Plug-in Hybrid, and Suzuki Swift Plug-in. The Sinclair C5 pedal-assisted battery vehicle. The Elantra LPI Hybrid, launched in the South Korean domestic market in July 2009, is a hybrid vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine built to run on liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as a fuel. The Elantra PLI is a mild hybrid and the first hybrid to adopt advanced lithium polymer (Li–Poly) batteries. 2. 2 Driverless car A driverless car is a vehicle equipped with an autopilot system that is capable of driving from one point to another without guidance by a human operator. This is intended to produce several direct advantages: Avoiding crashes by eliminating driver error 2. Increasing roadway capacity by reducing the distances between cars and better managing traffic flow 3. Relieving vehicle occupants from driving and navigating chores, so allowing them to concentrate on other tasks or to rest during their journeys Indirect advantages are anticipated as well. Adoption of driverless cars could reduce the number of vehicles worldwide and eliminate the need for drivers licenses, rules of the road, traffic lights, traffic signs, highway patrols and vehicle insurances. The systems currently under development work by simulating human perception and decision-making during steering of a car via advanced computer software linked to a range of sensors such as cameras, radar and GPS. Current driverless passenger car programs include the 2 get there passenger vehicles from the Netherlands, the DARPA Grand Challenge from the USA, and Google driverless car.